Emotional intelligence (EQ) is defined as a person’s ability to express and manage feelings appropriately while respecting the feelings of others. It’s a set of skills that children can begin learning at any age.
Benefits of Emotional Intelligence
Over the past several decades, studies have found emotional intelligence provides a variety of benefits that will serve your child well throughout her entire life. Having a low eq can lead to challenges down the line. Here are just a few of the ways emotional intelligence is an asset:
High EQ is linked to high IQ. Children with higher levels of emotional intelligence perform better on standardized tests. They also tend to have higher grades. Better relationships. Emotional intelligence skills help kids manage conflict and develop deeper friendships. Adults with high levels of emotional intelligence also report better relationships in their personal and professional lives. Childhood EQ is linked to higher success during adulthood. A 19-year study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that a child’s social and emotional skills in kindergarten may predict lifelong success. Children who were able to share, cooperate, and follow directions at age 5 were more likely to obtain college degrees and to begin working full-time jobs by age 25. Improved mental health. Individuals with higher levels of emotional intelligence are less likely to experience depression and other mental illnesses.
The benefits of emotional intelligence make sense. A child who can calm themself when they feel angry is likely to do well in difficult circumstances. And a child who can express their emotions in a healthy way is likely to maintain healthier relationships than a child who screams or says mean things when they’re angry. The good news is, all kids have the capacity to learn emotional intelligence skills. They just need adults to teach them how.
Label Your Child’s Emotions
Kids need to know how to recognize how they’re feeling. You can help your child by putting a name to her emotions—at least the emotion you suspect your child is feeling. When your child is upset they lost a game or have to share a toy, you can say, “It looks like you feel really angry right now. Is that right?” If they look sad, you might say, “Are you feeling disappointed that we aren’t going to visit Grandma and Grandpa today?” Emotional words such as “angry,” “upset,” “shy” and “painful” can all build a vocabulary to express feelings. Don’t forget to share the words for positive emotions, too, such as “joy,” “excited,” “thrilled” and “hopeful.”
Show Empathy
When your child is upset—especially when their emotions seem a bit on the dramatic side—it can be tempting to minimize how they’re feeling. But dismissive comments will teach your child that the way they’re feeling is wrong. A better approach is to validate their feelings and show empathy—even if you don’t understand why they’re so upset. If your child is crying because you told them they can’t go to the park until they clean their room, say something like, “I feel upset when I don’t get to do what I want too. It’s hard sometimes to keep working when I don’t want to.” When your child sees that you understand how they’re feeling on the inside, they’ll feel less compelled to show you how they’re feeling through their behavior. So, rather than scream and cry to show you they’re angry, they’ll feel better when you’ve made it clear that you already understand they’re upset.
Model Appropriate Ways to Express Feelings
Kids need to know how to express their emotions in a socially appropriate way. So, while saying, “My feelings are hurt,” or drawing a picture of a sad face could be helpful, screaming and throwing things aren’t OK. Use feeling words in your everyday conversation and practice talking about them. Say things like, “I feel angry when I see kids being mean on the playground,” or “I feel happy when we get to have our friends come over for dinner.” Studies show that emotionally intelligent parents are more likely to have emotionally intelligent children. So, make it a habit to clearly focus on building your skills so you can be an effective role model for your child.
Teach Healthy Coping Skills
Once kids understand their emotions, they need to learn how to deal with those emotions in a healthy way. Knowing how to calm themselves down, cheer themselves up, or face their fears can be complicated for little ones. Teach specific skills. For example, your child may benefit from learning how to take a few deep breaths when they’re angry to calm their body down. A kid-friendly way to teach this involves telling them to take “bubble breaths” where they breathe in through their nose and blows out through their mouth as if they’re blowing through a bubble wand. You might also help your child create a kit that helps them regulate their feelings. A coloring book, a favorite joke book, soothing music, and lotions that smell good are a few items that can help engage their senses and calm their emotions. Put the items in a special box that they decorate. Then, when they’re upset, remind them to go get their calm down kit and practice using their tools to manage their emotions.
Develop Problem-Solving Skills
Part of building emotional intelligence involves learning how to solve problems. After the feelings have been labeled and addressed, it’s time to work through how to fix the problem itself. Perhaps your child is angry that their sister keeps interrupting them while they’re playing a video game. Help them identify at least five ways they might solve this problem. Solutions don’t have to be good ideas. Initially, the goal is to just brainstorm ideas. When your child makes mistakes, work through what could have been done differently and what your child can do to resolve any lingering issues. Try to act as a coach, rather than the actual problem-solver. Provide guidance when necessary but work on helping your child see that they have the ability to solve problems peacefully and effectively on they’re own.
Make Emotional Intelligence an Ongoing Goal
No matter how emotionally intelligent your child seems, there is always room for improvement. And there are likely to be some ups and downs throughout childhood and adolescence. As they grow older, they’re likely to face obstacles that will challenge their skills. So, make it a goal to incorporate skill-building into your everyday life. When your child is young, talk about feelings every day. Talk about the emotions characters in books or in movies might be feeling. Discuss better ways problems might have been solved or strategies characters could use to treat others with respect. Use your child’s mistakes as opportunities to grow better. When they act out because they’re angry or they hurt someone’s feelings, take time to talk about how they can do better in the future. With your ongoing support and guidance, your child can develop the emotional intelligence and mental strength they’ll need to succeed in life.
